Straw fuels

Fuel	Water%	LHV GJ/t	LHV kWh/kg	LHV kCal/kg	Density kg/m3
Straw, yellow	15	14.4	4.0	3440	80-125
Straw, gray	15	15.0	4.17	3586	100-135
Whole crop	15	15.0	4.17	3586	200-230
Rape straw	15	15.0	4.17	3586	100-130
Elephant grass	10	15.9	4.4	3784	130-150
Straw pellets	8	16.0	4.44	3818	600
Grain	15	15.0	4.17	3586	670-750
Rape seed	9	24.6	6.83	5874	700

Wood fuels

Fuel	Water%	LHV GJ/t	LHV kWh/kg	LHV kCal/kg	Density kg/m3
Wood pellets	6	17.5	4.9	4214	660
Wood chips, dry	20	15.2	4.22	3629	175
Wood chips	40	10.4	2.89	2485	235
Wood chips, fresh	55	7.2	2.00	1720	310
Spruce bark	50	7.7	2.14	1840	280
Sawdust	20	15.2	4.2	3612	160-175
Wood logs, birch	20	14.7	4.08	3509	400-450

Other fuels

Fuel	Water%	LHV GJ/t	LHV kWh/kg	LHV kCal/kg	Density kg/m3
Light oil	-	42.7	11.86	10200	840
Coal	10	25.0-28.0	6.9-7.7	6020	175
Natural gas	-	39.0	10.83	9314	0.8235